Chapters 6 and 7

Summary of Chapter 6: The reading introduces the term incunabula which is defined as "cradle or baby linen", and was also the name century writers decided to use for the creation of Gutenberg's typographical books. This sort of printing spread and had many affects on society such as a lesser demand for books and knowledge, illiteracy rate declined, and changed their ways of education. It also kept order to information. Martin Luther used this printing style to get his opinions and views out quickly and to a broader range of people. Without typography movements such as the protestant and reformation era would have almost been impossible. Albrecht Durers used this kind of printing in order to print illustrations into his books. And lastly, the creation of broadsides (usually referring to a single sheet of paper that was only printed on one side) made it possible for many things to be printed such as advertisements and several posters.

Summary of Chapter 7: This chapter introduces the renaissance or "rebirth" of society and writing. A man named Nicolas Jenson created what is known as the first Roman type, which was unique since it was very clear to read and contained spaces that made it an even tone. The first title page to a book was printed in Calendarium by Regiomontanus. New style of illumination contained a detailed border as well as geometric pictures placed in the margins. Also typographic books contained a more asymmetrical look to it and fine-line style in their wood block printings. This chapter mainly talks about the innovations of Ratdolt who created a book explaining the different phases of lunar/solar eclipses as well as created the first title page. It also discussed the many innovations of Manitius, and also the greatest advancements in the Renaissance of Tory. Tory was also known as "Renaissance man" during his time.

2.) I thought that Tory was the most interesting part of the reading since he was an expert in so many different fields. He was definitely a great influence on the French culture and had actually developed a type for the French. He clearly was one of the most influential people of his time in the graphic designers perspective.

3.) I just really like to learn more about Tory's accomplishments throughout his life.